Al-Fajr

سُورَةُ الفَجۡرِ

Surah 89 30 آية Meccan

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

عن سورة Al-Fajr

Meccan · 30 آية

المحاور الرئيسية

Divine oaths by time and creation, the fate of Aad, Thamud, and Pharaoh, the soul at peace, divine mercy

الأهمية والفضل

Al-Fajr (The Dawn) is distinguished by its powerful series of oaths — by the dawn, the ten nights (of Dhul-Hijjah), the even and the odd, and the departing night — building to a declaration of divine omniscience and justice. The surah presents three historical nations — Aad, Thamud, and Pharaoh's people — as case studies in the divine pattern: honour, trial through excess, transgression, and destruction. It concludes with one of the Quran's most beautiful passages on the "serene soul" (al-nafs al-mutma'innah) returning to Allah in peace.

شرح آية محورية

Ayah 27–30 address the "nafs mutma'innah" (serene soul): "O reassured soul, return to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing to Him, and enter among My servants, and enter My Paradise." Classical scholars identify this as the highest spiritual station a human soul can reach — one of complete peace through divine relationship, where the soul neither fears nor grieves because its will has become aligned with divine will. This passage is one of the most recited at funerals and in contemplations of the righteous dead.

الأعمال المرتبطة

The ten nights referenced in Ayah 2 are widely understood as the first ten nights of Dhul-Hijjah, during which the Prophet ﷺ said no good deeds are more beloved to Allah than those performed in this period. This identification makes Al-Fajr especially relevant during Hajj season. The concept of nafs mutma'innah (27–30) became a central concept in Sufi spiritual psychology and in Islamic personality development literature.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَالْفَجْرِ 1

89:1

By the dawn

وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ 2

89:2

And [by] ten nights

وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ 3

89:3

And [by] the even [number] and the odd

وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ 4

89:4

And [by] the night when it passes,

هَلْ فِي ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌ لِذِي حِجْرٍ 5

89:5

Is there [not] in [all] that an oath [sufficient] for one of perception?

أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ 6

89:6

Have you not considered how your Lord dealt with 'Aad -

إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ 7

89:7

[With] Iram - who had lofty pillars,

الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ 8

89:8

The likes of whom had never been created in the land?

وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ 9

89:9

And [with] Thamud, who carved out the rocks in the valley?

وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتَادِ 10