Ad-Dukhaan
سُورَةُ الدُّخَانِ
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
About Surah Ad-Dukhaan
Meccan · 59 verses
Main Themes
The Blessed Night, punishment of Pharaoh, the food of Hell, divine mercy, the Day of Judgement
Significance
Ad-Dukhan (The Smoke) is a relatively short Meccan surah but contains a remarkable prophecy about a "smoke" that would fill the sky as a sign of divine punishment — an event scholars debate as referring either to a drought in Mecca or an eschatological sign near the Hour. The surah is notable for containing the clearest Quranic reference to Laylat al-Qadr: "Indeed, We sent it (the Quran) down on a blessed night" (44:3).
Key Verse Explained
Ayah 3–4 ("We sent it down on a blessed night — We have ever been the warner. On that night every precise matter is determined") establish that Laylat al-Qadr is not merely a night of Quran recitation but the night when divine decrees for the coming year are written — covering life, death, provision, and events. This understanding gives the last ten nights of Ramadan their extraordinary spiritual intensity in Islamic practice.
Related Practices
Reciting Ad-Dukhan on Thursday nights is reported in some Islamic traditions as carrying special merit. The surah is frequently studied alongside Surah Al-Qadr (97) for its complementary insight into the Blessed Night. Its reminder of Pharaoh's fate serves as a recurring theme in discussions of the consequences of denying divine messengers.
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ حم 1
Ha, Meem.
وَالْكِتَابِ الْمُبِينِ 2
By the clear Book,
إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبَارَكَةٍ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنْذِرِينَ 3
Indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night. Indeed, We were to warn [mankind].
فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ 4
On that night is made distinct every precise matter -
أَمْرًا مِنْ عِنْدِنَا ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُرْسِلِينَ 5
[Every] matter [proceeding] from Us. Indeed, We were to send [a messenger]
رَحْمَةً مِنْ رَبِّكَ ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ 6
As mercy from your Lord. Indeed, He is the Hearing, the Knowing.
رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۖ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُوقِنِينَ 7
Lord of the heavens and the earth and that between them, if you would be certain.
لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ ۖ رَبُّكُمْ وَرَبُّ آبَائِكُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ 8
There is no deity except Him; He gives life and causes death. [He is] your Lord and the Lord of your first forefathers.
بَلْ هُمْ فِي شَكٍّ يَلْعَبُونَ 9
But they are in doubt, amusing themselves.
فَارْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِي السَّمَاءُ بِدُخَانٍ مُبِينٍ 10
Then watch for the Day when the sky will bring a visible smoke.
يَغْشَى النَّاسَ ۖ هَٰذَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ 11
Covering the people; this is a painful torment.
رَبَّنَا اكْشِفْ عَنَّا الْعَذَابَ إِنَّا مُؤْمِنُونَ 12
[They will say], "Our Lord, remove from us the torment; indeed, we are believers."
أَنَّىٰ لَهُمُ الذِّكْرَىٰ وَقَدْ جَاءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ مُبِينٌ 13
How will there be for them a reminder [at that time]? And there had come to them a clear Messenger.
ثُمَّ تَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ وَقَالُوا مُعَلَّمٌ مَجْنُونٌ 14
Then they turned away from him and said, "[He was] taught [and is] a madman."
إِنَّا كَاشِفُو الْعَذَابِ قَلِيلًا ۚ إِنَّكُمْ عَائِدُونَ 15
Indeed, We will remove the torment for a little. Indeed, you [disbelievers] will return [to disbelief].
يَوْمَ نَبْطِشُ الْبَطْشَةَ الْكُبْرَىٰ إِنَّا مُنْتَقِمُونَ 16
The Day We will strike with the greatest assault, indeed, We will take retribution.
۞ وَلَقَدْ فَتَنَّا قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَجَاءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ كَرِيمٌ 17
And We had already tried before them the people of Pharaoh, and there came to them a noble messenger,
أَنْ أَدُّوا إِلَيَّ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ ۖ إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ 18
[Saying], "Render to me the servants of Allah. Indeed, I am to you a trustworthy messenger,"
وَأَنْ لَا تَعْلُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ ۖ إِنِّي آتِيكُمْ بِسُلْطَانٍ مُبِينٍ 19
And [saying], "Be not haughty with Allah. Indeed, I have come to you with clear authority.
وَإِنِّي عُذْتُ بِرَبِّي وَرَبِّكُمْ أَنْ تَرْجُمُونِ 20
And indeed, I have sought refuge in my Lord and your Lord, lest you stone me.
وَإِنْ لَمْ تُؤْمِنُوا لِي فَاعْتَزِلُونِ 21
But if you do not believe me, then leave me alone."
فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنَّ هَٰؤُلَاءِ قَوْمٌ مُجْرِمُونَ 22
And [finally] he called to his Lord that these were a criminal people.
فَأَسْرِ بِعِبَادِي لَيْلًا إِنَّكُمْ مُتَّبَعُونَ 23
[Allah said], "Then set out with My servants by night. Indeed, you are to be pursued.
وَاتْرُكِ الْبَحْرَ رَهْوًا ۖ إِنَّهُمْ جُنْدٌ مُغْرَقُونَ 24
And leave the sea in stillness. Indeed, they are an army to be drowned."
كَمْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ جَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ 25
How much they left behind of gardens and springs
وَزُرُوعٍ وَمَقَامٍ كَرِيمٍ 26
And crops and noble sites
وَنَعْمَةٍ كَانُوا فِيهَا فَاكِهِينَ 27
And comfort wherein they were amused.
كَذَٰلِكَ ۖ وَأَوْرَثْنَاهَا قَوْمًا آخَرِينَ 28
Thus. And We caused to inherit it another people.
فَمَا بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَا كَانُوا مُنْظَرِينَ 29
And the heaven and earth wept not for them, nor were they reprieved.
وَلَقَدْ نَجَّيْنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الْمُهِينِ 30
And We certainly saved the Children of Israel from the humiliating torment -
مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَالِيًا مِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ 31
From Pharaoh. Indeed, he was a haughty one among the transgressors.
وَلَقَدِ اخْتَرْنَاهُمْ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ 32
And We certainly chose them by knowledge over [all] the worlds.
وَآتَيْنَاهُمْ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ مَا فِيهِ بَلَاءٌ مُبِينٌ 33
And We gave them of signs that in which there was a clear trial.
إِنَّ هَٰؤُلَاءِ لَيَقُولُونَ 34
Indeed, these [disbelievers] are saying,
إِنْ هِيَ إِلَّا مَوْتَتُنَا الْأُولَىٰ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُنْشَرِينَ 35
"There is not but our first death, and we will not be resurrected.
فَأْتُوا بِآبَائِنَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ 36
Then bring [back] our forefathers, if you should be truthful."
أَهُمْ خَيْرٌ أَمْ قَوْمُ تُبَّعٍ وَالَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ أَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا مُجْرِمِينَ 37
Are they better or the people of Tubba' and those before them? We destroyed them, [for] indeed, they were criminals.
وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لَاعِبِينَ 38
And We did not create the heavens and earth and that between them in play.
مَا خَلَقْنَاهُمَا إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ 39
We did not create them except in truth, but most of them do not know.
إِنَّ يَوْمَ الْفَصْلِ مِيقَاتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ 40
Indeed, the Day of Judgement is the appointed time for them all -
يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِي مَوْلًى عَنْ مَوْلًى شَيْئًا وَلَا هُمْ يُنْصَرُونَ 41
The Day when no relation will avail a relation at all, nor will they be helped -
إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ 42
Except those [believers] on whom Allah has mercy. Indeed, He is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful.
إِنَّ شَجَرَتَ الزَّقُّومِ 43
Indeed, the tree of zaqqum
طَعَامُ الْأَثِيمِ 44
Is food for the sinful.
كَالْمُهْلِ يَغْلِي فِي الْبُطُونِ 45
Like murky oil, it boils within bellies
كَغَلْيِ الْحَمِيمِ 46
Like the boiling of scalding water.
خُذُوهُ فَاعْتِلُوهُ إِلَىٰ سَوَاءِ الْجَحِيمِ 47
[It will be commanded], "Seize him and drag him into the midst of the Hellfire,
ثُمَّ صُبُّوا فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْحَمِيمِ 48
Then pour over his head from the torment of scalding water."
ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْكَرِيمُ 49
[It will be said], "Taste! Indeed, you are the honored, the noble!
إِنَّ هَٰذَا مَا كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تَمْتَرُونَ 50
Indeed, this is what you used to dispute."
إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِي مَقَامٍ أَمِينٍ 51
Indeed, the righteous will be in a secure place;
فِي جَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ 52
Within gardens and springs,
يَلْبَسُونَ مِنْ سُنْدُسٍ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٍ مُتَقَابِلِينَ 53
Wearing [garments of] fine silk and brocade, facing each other.
كَذَٰلِكَ وَزَوَّجْنَاهُمْ بِحُورٍ عِينٍ 54
Thus. And We will marry them to fair women with large, [beautiful] eyes.
يَدْعُونَ فِيهَا بِكُلِّ فَاكِهَةٍ آمِنِينَ 55
They will call therein for every [kind of] fruit - safe and secure.
لَا يَذُوقُونَ فِيهَا الْمَوْتَ إِلَّا الْمَوْتَةَ الْأُولَىٰ ۖ وَوَقَاهُمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ 56
They will not taste death therein except the first death, and He will have protected them from the punishment of Hellfire
فَضْلًا مِنْ رَبِّكَ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ 57
As bounty from your Lord. That is what is the great attainment.
فَإِنَّمَا يَسَّرْنَاهُ بِلِسَانِكَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ 58
And indeed, We have eased the Qur'an in your tongue that they might be reminded.
فَارْتَقِبْ إِنَّهُمْ مُرْتَقِبُونَ 59
So watch, [O Muhammad]; indeed, they are watching [for your end].